Document Type
Journal article
Source Publication
Asia Pacific Journal of Management
Publication Date
3-1-2013
Volume
30
Issue
1
First Page
251
Last Page
279
Publisher
Springer New York LLC
Keywords
Representational predicaments, Invisibility, Justice, Leadership, Qualitative
Abstract
Representational predicaments reflect unfavorable perceptual or attributional incongruence between subordinates and superiors about the employees’ work, and adversely affect morale. Critical incident interviews were held with 63 Hong Kong Chinese employees from over 50 organizations. Stories about undervaluation of contextual performance were compared with stories about duly appreciated contextual performance, and stories about negative spotlighting (disproportionate emphasis on shortcomings or mistakes) were compared with stories about fair treatment of mistakes. Subordinates attributed undervaluation of contextual performance to: the superior’s unfamiliarity with the employee’s work, the superior’s perception that the work was of marginal importance, the subordinate’s lack of empowerment to report contextual performance, the lack of considerate attention by the superior, and the subordinate’s felt need to keep a low profile. Underlying factors were inhibitions against employee voice, leadership styles characterized by lack of benevolence and lack of individualized consideration, and absence of close subordinate-superior relationships. Subordinates attributed negative spotlighting to: the superior’s abusive behavior, prejudicial and hostile attitudes, or insistence on one “right way”; rivalry between the superior and the subordinate; and the absence of legitimate channels for upward feedback. Underlying factors were absence of just grievance procedures, and leadership styles characterized by authoritarianism, which could be compounded by lack of benevolence and lack of moral restraint, leading to abusive supervision. Cross-cultural research could establish whether large power distance and other cultural and institutional factors render Asian employees especially vulnerable to representational predicaments.
DOI
10.1007/s10490-012-9286-8
Print ISSN
02174561
E-ISSN
15729958
Publisher Statement
Copyright © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
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Full-text Version
Publisher’s Version
Language
English
Recommended Citation
Snell, R. S., Wong, M. M., Chak, A. M., & Hui, S. S. (2013). Representational predicaments at work: How they are experienced and why they may happen. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(1), 251-279. doi: 10.1007/s10490-012-9286-8