「多少楼台烟雨中」 : 从杜牧诗看自然之道中的历史感
Document Type
Journal article
Source Publication
南开学报(哲学社会科学版)
Publication Date
2016
Volume
2016
Issue
5
First Page
31
Last Page
51
Publisher
南开大学
Keywords
咏史怀古, 历史感, 自然之道, 绝
Abstract
唐代喜欢咏史怀古的诗人很多，杜牧可以算是其中的佼佼者。杜牧诗中涉及咏史怀古主题的篇什，呈现出不同层次的历史感；对国计民生的关心及希望以古训今的情思，是他和历代怀着社会理想的诗人相通之处。然杜牧诗中的历史感更深刻之处，在于他能领悟历史过程偶然和不测的一面，进而神思方外，从历史范围外观照历史，显示出它在自然宇宙中短暂、微小和渺茫的性质。诗人转念于人间兴衰和自然运化之际，往复于入世、出世与关切、淡泊之间，体会到置身于无涯无尽时空里的人间历史，其轮廓和意义都不再清晰确定。这种如暗雾桠枝、遥空过鸟、烟雨楼台的精神和艺术视象，同时有别于儒家入世和道家出世的历史哲学观，是诗人超越而透视性的历史感最独特同时也最易被忽略的地方，隐然有自成一家的意味。
Poets in Tang Dynasty who liked to sing of history are not small in number, and Du Mu can be among the best of them. Du Mu’s poems that sing nostalgically of history show various degrees of historical awareness. His concern about the welfare of the nation and his wish for his readers to learn from history are identical with those poets throughout history who entertained a certain ideal for the society they lived in. However, the historical awareness in Du Mu’s poems is profounder. This is especially true in the sense that Du Mu could tell the accidental and unpredictable aspects of history. He would then look at history from a position beyond the scope of history and show the transient, insignificant, and disoriented nature of human history within the cosmos. His mind often shuttled between the vicissitudes of human world and nature’s changing course, between his sense of social commitment and his sense of detachment from human world, and between his care about and indifference to earthly reputation. He realised that the contour and meaning of human history could not be clearly defined when human history was posited against the limitlessness of space and time. His poetic images, like the branches hazed by the dim fog, birds in the remote sky, and the pavilions in the foggy rain, together with their connotations are different both from Confucian belief in social commitment and from Taoistic inclination to leave the world behind. These images body forth the poet’s transcending and penetrating views of history, which, though often overlooked, are what make the poet a master of his own school.
Print ISSN
10014667
Publisher Statement
Copyright © 2016 南开大学. Access to external full text or publisher's version may require subscription.
Full-text Version
Publisher’s Version
Language
Chinese (Simplified)
Recommended Citation
鄺龑子 (2016)。「多少楼台烟雨中」: 从杜牧诗看自然之道中的历史感。《南開學報(哲學社會科學版)》，2016(5)，31-51。