其他篇名 Alternative Title
On the practice of extracting and “Extracted Compilations” in the history of bibliology
摘要 Abstract
由於進諫、傳經、創制詩文等備忘之需，古人撮抄典册之内容，備於身邊，這就形成了典籍史上的一個特殊的文獻，即以“抄” “叢抄” “撮抄”爲名的一類典籍。細緻看來，其主要類型包括 : 用於上古行人、説客的“説林” “儲説”等，以《韓非子》所録最知名。用於進諫、講授經義於皇室的“微”等，以《漢志》所録“左氏微”等爲代表。又有搜集典故等以有資於皇子等人寫作而形成的類書如《初學記》等。漢唐以降，筆記之體繁興，“叢抄”之體代有佳作、延綿不絶，清人俞樾即有《茶香室叢鈔》。其中還有各種“文抄” “史抄”等。可以見出古人之生活“日用之需”與“文獻生成”之間的深刻關係。從形式上看，又分爲摘抄、全抄、概述等。從歷史語境上看，“撮抄”是中華典籍生成的一個重要機理，相應產生的“叢抄之書”是中華文獻的重要組成，具有重要意義。爲揭明以上説法的内涵，特寫作此文，以求教於學界同好。
Due to the need for offering advice, transmitting teachings, and creating literary works, the ancients often extracted and compiled content from classical texts to keep at hand. This practice led to the formation of a special category of literature in the history of Chinese texts, known as “extracts,” “collected extracts,” or “selected extracts.” Upon closer examination, these texts can be classified into several main types: “Shuolin” and “Chushuo” used by ancient envoys and orators, among which the most famous is recorded in Han Feizi. The “Wei” used for advising and instructing the royal family on the meanings of classic texts is represented by the “Zuo Shi Wei” recorded in Han Zhi. There are also books such as Chuxueji that collect allusions to help princes and others write. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, the note-taking style has flourished, and the “congchao” (Extracted Compilations) style has produced excellent works in every generation. Yu Yue, a Qing Dynasty writer, has created “Chaxiangshi Congchao”. Among them there are various “Wenchao” (“literary extracts”) and “Shichao” (“historical extracts”). This shows the profound relationship between the ancient people’s daily life needs and the creation of literature. In terms of form, it is divided into excerpts, full transcripts, overviews, etc. From a historical perspective, “cuochao” (extracting) is an important mechanism for the generation of Chinese classics. The corresponding “Extracted Compilations” are an important part of Chinese literature and are of great significance. To further elucidate the above statements, I have written this article and seek guidance and feedback from my academic peers.
關鍵詞 Keywords
叢抄之書, 文獻生成, 文獻功能, 體例文獻, 學史, Extracted Compilations, creation of literature, document function, style, history of bibliology
語言 Language
Chinese (Traditional)
版權聲明 Copyright Statement
香港嶺南大學中文系(編)，上海古籍出版社(出版)
共享創意條款 Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
參考書目格式 Recommended Citation
陳緒平 (2025)。論撮抄與典籍史上的“叢抄之書”。《嶺南學報》，復刊 第二十三輯，頁273-286。檢自 https://commons.ln.edu.hk/ljcs_new/vol23/iss1/11
備註 Additional Information
項目資助：國家社會科學基金一般項目“‘前四史’所録《詩經》資料整理與研究”（23BZW035）階段性成果。