其他篇名 Alternative Title
The Duke Mu of Qin’conquest of Xirong and the writing style of expressing the meaning through the sequencing of events in the Book of Documents
摘要 Abstract
孔子作《春秋》，筆削之去取從違，比事之先後措置，屬辭之修飾連綴，皆脈注綺交於“丘竊取之”之義。《左傳》以歷史叙事解經，或先經、後經，或依經、錯經，是所謂言有序。《春秋》《左傳》，相互表裏，事義更相發明，故學者多考據《左傳》事實，以推求《春秋》“都不説破”之微辭隱義。排比編次而叙事，言之有序以顯義，《春秋》《左傳》比事以觀義，準此。今以《左傳》叙《秦穆公遂霸西戎》之本末爲研究材料，論其叙事之義法有四：曰語叙，曰提叙，曰對叙，曰搭叙。然後知《史記·太史公自序》所謂“述故事，整齊其世傳”，在凸顯如何書之“述”。可見先後位次之“叙”（序），時措從宜之“法”，即是中國傳統叙事學之亮點與核心。與西方叙事學相較，會當有别。
In the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋 compiled by Confucius, his unique views manifest in his adding or removing words, his sequencing of events, and his connecting the words to their contexts. The Commentary of Zuo 左傳 interpreted the Spring and Autumn Annals in an orderly sequence of historical narratives written either before or after, either in accordance with or in contrast to the latter. The Spring and Autumn Annals and the Commentary of Zuo elucidate each other’s essence and clarify each other’s meaning. Therefore, scholars have used the historical records in the Commentary of Zuo to analyze the subtitle expressions and hidden meanings in the Spring and Autumn Annals. This method is reflected in Confucius’s sequencing of events in the order of historical narratives to interpret the meanings of the two classics. This paper discusses four narrative methods in the chapter “The Duke Mu of Qin’s Conquest of Xirong” 秦穆公遂霸西戎 in the Commentary of Zuo: recording, outlining, contrasting, and receiving. Through this discussion, the paper concludes that the famous quotation “narrating and arranging events and passing them down to future generations” from the “Author’s Preface to the Grand Records of the Historian” 史記·太史公自序 accentuates narrating within the writing. The order of precedence and the method of situational selection are the highlights and cores of traditional Chinese narratology, which is different from Western narratology.
關鍵詞 Keywords
比事見義, 叙事義法, 《春秋》書法, 以史傳經, 《左傳》, expressing the meaning through the sequencing of events, narrative method, the writing styles of the Spring and Autumn Annals, using historical events to elucidate the classics, Commentary of Zuo
語言 Language
Chinese (Traditional)
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香港嶺南大學中文系(編)，上海古籍出版社(出版)
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參考書目格式 Recommended Citation
張高評 (2023)。秦穆公稱霸西戎與《左傳》比事見義之書法。《嶺南學報》，復刊 第二十輯，頁1-36。檢自 https://commons.ln.edu.hk/ljcs_new/vol20/iss1/1