其他篇名 Alternative Title
From “Private Learning” to “Official Classics” : reexamining the historical development and nature of Zuozhuan from the perspective of Tsinghua Xinian manuscript
摘要 Abstract
2008年7月，清華大學入藏一批戰國楚簡，其中有一篇文獻，整理者命名為《繫年》。《繫年》全篇共138支簡，分23章，共3875字。由於與傳世文獻，特別是《左傳》有不少可以互校互補的材料，《繫年》經整理後，在2011年以《清華大學藏戰國竹簡(貳)》整冊出版，即引起各界關注。十年以來，學者在文字釋讀、語料分析、史事考證、文獻比勘等方面取得了可觀的研究成果。在釐清文本細節與時代特徵後，《繫年》作為一種在年代與內容皆可以與《左傳》直接比擬的先秦史類文獻，對其文獻性質的釐訂，可以為探論《左傳》在漢魏經學化以前的源流與定位，提供一個嶄新而有效的參照角度。本文之撰，首先通過對讀《繫年》與《左傳》，從二者在敘述立場與撰作目的的差異，考訂《繫年》作為當時楚國貴族教本的文獻性質，並以此為基礎，從先秦王官之學到諸子之學的學術脈絡，重探《左傳》在歸入經部以前的學術源流與定位。
Xinian (String of Years) is the most notable excavated historical manuscript from the state of Chu. Since its publication by the renowned Tsinghua University (China) in 2008, most scholars have expended their efforts in character identification, linguistic analysis, historical reconstruction, and textual collation. The results are indeed impressive. After confirming the date of its composition and its content, a further step could be taken to compare it with the Zuozhuan, one of the fountainheads of Chinese historiography contemporaneous with Xinian. Such a comparison, this article argues, could help us understand the nature, the prehistory, and the early development of Zuozhuan. As such, by comparing the intentions and stances of the two narrative texts, this article infers that Xinian was a textbook designed for the nobles in the southern state of Chu. It was produced by court historians/archivists who selected and organized historical events to serve didactic purposes. In other words, Xinian was the product of official learning. After being absorbed into Zuozhuan, however, the materials there were used by intellectuals outside the court. Thus, Zuozhuan represented private learning at first. And it was eventually transformed into a classic after being absorbed into the official institutions at court in the Han-Wei period. In summary, this article offers a new understanding of the early development and shifting nature of Zuozhuan from the perspective Xinian.
關鍵詞 Keywords
《繫年》, 《左傳》, 王官之學, 諸子之學, 經學, 史學, Xinian (String of Years), Zuozhuan, Official Learning, Private Learning, Classical Studies, Historiography
語言 Language
Chinese (Traditional)
版權聲明 Copyright Statement
香港嶺南大學中文系(編)，上海古籍出版社(出版)
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
參考書目格式 Recommended Citation
張錦少 (2023)。由“子”入經 : 從清華簡《繫年》重探《左傳》的源流與定位。《嶺南學報》，復刊 第十七輯，頁77-108。檢自 https://commons.ln.edu.hk/ljcs_new/vol17/iss1/4