其他篇名 Alternative Title
“Sophism” for righteousness : a study on the writing strategy of “Taishigong Zixu” (The autobiography of the senior archivist) in Shiji (Records of the grand historian)
摘要 Abstract
司馬遷通過一系列特别的書寫策略，將恢國、致孝、繼聖與發憤這四種表達意圖同時注入《太史公自序》之中，這當中既包括對《國語·楚語》、《孝經》等援據文獻的微妙改寫，也包括對“五百年”這一神秘數字的刻意渲染，在與壺遂的對話中呈現出的前後矛盾，以及對《春秋》、《吕氏春秋》、《孤憤》等文本生成背景的時空重塑。這一書寫方式源於《春秋》公羊學所強調的“詭辭”以見義的表現方式，對於這一書寫策略的梳理，有利於我們進一步理解《太史公自序》，乃至《史記》全書的立場與語言風格。
This paper argues that Sima Qian 司馬遷, author of Shiji 史記 (Records of the Grand Historian) implanted various expressive intentions into his autobiographic writing “Taishigong zixu” 太史公自序 (The Autobiography of the Senior Archivist) by applying a series of special writing techniques, including the delicate rewriting of Guoyu 國語 (Discourses of the States) and 沿孝經 (Book of Filial Piety), deliberate rendering of the mysterious number “five hundred years”, contradictions within his dialogue with Hu Sui, and reconstructions of the temporal and spatial backgrounds of Chunqiu 春秋 (Spring and Autumn Annals), Lushi chunqiu 呂氏春秋 (Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annals), Gufen 孤憤 (Solitary Indignation) and other historical texts. This writing strategy originated from the Gongyang School, a commentary of Spring and Autumn Annals emphasizing guibian yi jianyi 詭辯以見義 “sophism for righteousness,” a way of manifestation allows writers to violate the facts for a better presentation of certain righteousness of the text generated from individualized writing. To examine this writing strategy will shed light on the authorial stance and language style of The Autobiography of the Senior Archivist and even the entire Records of the Grand Historian.
關鍵詞 Keywords
《史記》, 司馬遷, 《太史公自序》, 《春秋》, Records of the Grand Historian, Sima Qian, Spring and Autumn Annals, writing strategy
語言 Language
Chinese (Traditional)
版權聲明 Copyright Statement
香港嶺南大學中文系(編)，上海古籍出版社(出版)
共享創意條款 Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
參考書目格式 Recommended Citation
程蘇東 (2019)。“詭辭”以見義 : 論《太史公自序》的書寫策略。《嶺南學報》，復刊 第十一輯，頁63-86。檢自 https://commons.ln.edu.hk/ljcs_new/vol11/iss1/3