Title
擺脫束縛的都市經驗與文化 : 珠江三角洲農民工家庭研究
Document Type
Journal article
Source Publication
文化研究
Publication Date
2008
Volume
6
First Page
195
Last Page
241
Keywords
中國大陸; 珠江三角洲; 農民工; 階級; 都市生活
Abstract
當代中國由80年代初經濟改革開始，經歷激烈的社會變動，一些學者把這些有目共睹的觀察推進一步，討論在這些變化裡，是否有新的社會連結及政治意涵。一些人把政治熱情與幻想投注在擴張中的私營經濟部門，預言新的政治變動，其他人則對市場經濟所帶來的政治機遇不感樂觀，他們認為，各類新興的社會團體十分政治化，並視之為一種「逃避主義」。
本文以幾個珠江三角洲的外來農民工家庭個案為重心，說明及探討這些工人在新的家居領域中的生活經驗；由於大部分工人住進工廠宿舍，而絕大部分工廠宿舍進行男女分隔，所以部分已婚男女民工會在工廠外租房子，與伴侶（已婚或未婚）建立臨時的親密居所，而由此衍生各類社會網絡與活動。本文嘗試超越把家庭視作「自然單元」的觀點，接合上近年研究家居領域的理論，視「家」為一組生活關係、想像空間、領域的集合體，「家」不是簡單地根著於一個地點的物理與社會單位，或一個家庭的容器，它是一處陷於各種張力的地方，包括定居與遷徙，本地實踐與全球力量，是資本主義重新編織權力關係的過程，當中最值得注意的是，弱勢者在日常生活中努力逃避開權力關係。對民工來說，工廠生涯的解放經驗不多，反而是為了一嘗現代生活及獲取經濟回報的自願囚牢，但不少人仍無法透過工廠生涯中找到相對安穩的工人階級生活，工廠的生產關係並沒有帶來工人階級家庭，相反地，農民工再次企圖擺脫自己的工人身分，嘗試從桎梏中逃離出來，創造自己的空間逃逸出政治經濟的羅網，維繫夫妻親密關係，享受同鄉及家庭生活，追求社會身分的上升，用他們自己的方法重新界定都市生活。
Since the early 1980s, contemporary China has been experiencing a dramatic change. Most researchers of China studies are concerned with its implications for social association and politics. Among them, some even feel passionate and have fantasy about the ever-expanding private sector and then predict new political changes. Others feel pessimistic about the market economy and see most emerging social groups as a kind of political "escapism".
This article, with focus on several rural migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta, explores the lived experience of these working people's home territories. While most live in factory dormitories segregated by sexes, some workers, particularly those married, live in rental houses and build up their temporary homes outside factories. Various social networks and activities are derived from these spaces.
This article attempts to go beyond the view of family and home as a natural unit. It borrows the recent theories about domestic domain and sees "home" as a set of lived relation, imaginary space and territories. It is not simply a physical unit rooted in a locality or a container of family; instead, it is a locality situated in a variety of tensions including settlement and displacement, local practices and global forces, which could be seen as a part of the process of making power relations in capitalism. The most noteworthy is how the disadvantaged group tries to evade power relations in everyday life. For peasant workers, factory life is less an emancipation than a price they pay for enjoying modern life and gaining economic reward. Yet many workers could not enjoy lives of stability in their new families. The relation of production in factory does not bring working class family to them. They attempt to get rid of their identity of worker and escape from politico-economic constraints to create their own spaces in which they have conjugal intimacy, build up co-villager network, maintain familial life and pursue social mobility. In other words, they define urbanism in their own ways.
Print ISSN
18160514
Language
Chinese (Traditional)
Recommended Citation
葉蔭聰 (2008)。擺脫束縛的都市經驗與文化: 珠江三角洲農民工家庭研究。《文化研究》，6﹐195-241。
